PyGame : The Star Wars - tutorial from internet.

This web tutorial will show you how to make your Star Wars carnival.
The author of this article - Koldo Santisteban shows us how to deal with the Arduino device and Pygame python module.

PyGame : Using sound, mixer, volume, channels, fade-in and out effect.

PyGame module comes with sound feature and this allows users to test some effects.
The next source code will make a window and also will play a song.
After, You can test all effects with python version 3.4.1.
Just see the keys from source code and test it. The song is an ogg file.
I used this sample from a recording of the album Through the Devil Softly by the artist Hope Sandoval and The Warm Inventions from here.

Let's see the python script:

import pygame, sys

blue = (55, 75, 155)
 
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('pygame - using sound effect')
size = [460, 100]
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(size)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
 
# load sound file
pygame.mixer.init(frequency=22050, size=-16, channels=2, buffer=4096)

pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.5)
sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("bird.ogg")
snd_array = pygame.sndarray.array(sound)
snd_out = pygame.sndarray.make_sound(snd_array)
snd_out.play()

mychannel=pygame.mixer.find_channel()
while pygame.mixer.find_channel is None: 
    print (pygame.mixer.find_channel)
allchannels=pygame.mixer.get_num_channels()
print ('all channels - ',allchannels)
print ('duration -',sound.get_length(),' seconds')
print ('press 1 - play sound')
print ('press 2 - play sound in a loop')
print ('press 3 - play sound with 9 seconds fade-in effect')
print ('press 4 - play sound just for 9 seconds')
print ('press 5 - play sound 3 more times')
print ('press 9 - stop playing with fadeout effect set 9 ')
print ('press 0 - stop playing instantly')
print ('press up arrow key - up volume')
print ('press down arrow key - down volume')
 
while True:
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()
        if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_1:
                sound.play()
            if event.key == pygame.K_2:
                sound.play(-1)
            if event.key == pygame.K_3:
                sound.play(-1, fade_ms=9000)
            if event.key == pygame.K_4:
                sound.play(-1, 9000)
            if event.key == pygame.K_5:
                sound.play(3)
            if event.key == pygame.K_9:
                sound.fadeout(9000)
            if event.key == pygame.K_0:
                sound.stop()
            if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                sound.set_volume(sound.get_volume()+0.1)
                print(sound.get_volume())
            if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                sound.set_volume(sound.get_volume()-0.1)
                print(sound.get_volume())
    screen.fill(blue)
    pygame.display.update()
    clock.tick(10)

PyGame : First interface - part 6.

I will show you how to make a menu with buttons using pygame module.
The example is simple but you can update with new features.
I will make some buttons: Start game, Options and Exit game.
The pygame come with rect function to draw rectangles.
I start with one python class named my_button.
Like any graphic interface is needed to make visual elements and link with actions.
For each button, I draw one rectangle with text and functions to check mouse.
The functions of my_button are:
label - will add some text;
color - change color when the button is hovering:
draw - will deal with drawing the button, color, and mouse...;
check_hover - return boolean value based on mous eover my_button;

import pygame

pygame.init()

class my_button:
   def __init__(self, text):
      self.text = text
      self.is_hover = False
      self.default_color = (100,100,100)
      self.hover_color = (0,255,25)
      self.font_color = (0,0,255)
      self.obj = None
      
   def label(self):
      font = pygame.font.Font(None, 22)
      return font.render(self.text, 1, self.font_color)
      
   def color(self):
      if self.is_hover:
         return self.hover_color
      else:
         return self.default_color
         
   def draw(self, screen, mouse, rect_coord, label_coord):
      self.obj  = pygame.draw.rect(screen, self.color(), rect_coord)
      screen.blit(self.label(), label_coord)
      self.check_hover(mouse)
      
   def check_hover(self, mouse):
      if self.obj.collidepoint(mouse):
         self.is_hover = True 
      else:
         self.is_hover = False
         
if __name__ == '__main__':

         
   start = my_button('Start game')
   option = my_button('Option')
   exit = my_button('Exit game')
   
   screen = pygame.display.set_mode((400,350))
   clock = pygame.time.Clock()

   run = True
   while run:
      screen.fill((0,0,0))
      mouse = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
      for event in pygame.event.get():
         if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            run = False
         elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
            if my_button_.obj.collidepoint(mouse):
               print('my_button start clicked')
            elif my_button_2.obj.collidepoint(mouse):
               print('my_button option clicked')
            elif my_button_3.obj.collidepoint(mouse):
               print('my_button exit clicked')
      
      start.draw(screen, mouse, (100,100,120,22), (125,103))
      option.draw(screen, mouse, (100,130,120,22), (125,133))
      exit.draw(screen, mouse, (100,160,120,22), (125,163))
      
      pygame.display.update()
      clock.tick(50)

... and this is the result of the pygame script.

PyGame : First interface - part 5.

Today I worked with pygame and OpenGL python modules.
I want to make a simple script to test and load pygame , OpenGL modules.
This is the script and give me also in vars some OpenGL features.
If modules and features can be loaded then return True or False in some vars.

import sys

try:
    import OpenGL
    from OpenGL.GL import *
    bOpenGL=True
except:
    bOpenGL=False
   
try:
    from OpenGL.GLU import *
    bGLU=True
except:
    bGLU=False

try:
    from OpenGL.GLUT import *
    bGLUT=True
except:
    bGLUT=False

try:
    from OpenGL.GL.EXT import *
    bEXT=True  
except:
    bEXT=False

try:
    from OpenGL.GL.ARB.shader_objects import *
    bshader_objects=True
except:
    bshader_objects=False
try:
    from OpenGL.GL.ARB.vertex_shader import *
    bvertex_shader=True
except:
    bvertex_shader=False
try:
    from OpenGL.GL.ARB.fragment_shader import *
    bfragment_shader=True
except:
    bfragment_shader=False
try:    
    from OpenGL.GL.ARB.multitexture import *
    bmultitexture=True
except:
    bmultitexture=False

if sys.version_info.major < 3:
    print "Python vers=",sys.version_info
    print "bOpenGL=", bOpenGL
    print "OpenGL vers=",OpenGL.__version__
    print "bGLU=", bGLU
    print "bGLUT=", bGLUT
    print "bEXT=", bEXT
    print "bshader_objects=", bshader_objects
    print "bvertex_shader=", bvertex_shader
    print "bfragment_shader=", bfragment_shader
    print "bmultitexture=", bmultitexture
else:
    print ("Python vers=",sys.version_info)
    print ("bOpenGL=", bOpenGL)
    print ("OpenGL vers=",OpenGL.__version__)
    print ("bGLU=", bGLU)
    print ("bGLUT=", bGLUT)
    print ("bEXT=", bEXT)
    print ("bshader_objects=", bshader_objects)
    print ("bvertex_shader=", bvertex_shader)
    print ("bfragment_shader=", bfragment_shader)
    print ("bmultitexture=", bmultitexture)

The output result is this :

$ python test.py 
Python vers= sys.version_info(major=2, minor=7, micro=3, releaselevel='final', serial=0)
bOpenGL= True
OpenGL vers= 3.0.1
bGLU= True
bGLUT= True
bEXT= True
bshader_objects= True
bvertex_shader= True
bfragment_shader= True
bmultitexture= True

PyGame : Working with Pygame Subset for Android.

This is an old tutorial I make for PGS4A - Pygame Subset for Android
I tried to rebuild this python module but it does not exist.
For me, it is the end of this series of tutorials.
Read this tutorial if you have PGS4A.

---

I use the python pygame script from here.
I don't add anything to the script and it's working very well on my tablet.
Many users tell us to use something like that:

import android
android.init()

I don't use this just the python script from my example.
First, after you download and unarchive the PGS4A - Pygame Subset for Android go to in folder and will see these files:

usertest@home:~/pgs4a-0.9.6$ ls
android.py  blacklist.txt       doc               private         src
assets      buildlib            libs              python-install  templates
bin         default.properties  local.properties  res             whitelist.txt

Now you need to test it if is working well...

usertest@home:~/pgs4a-0.9.6$ ./android.py test

All systems go!

... and install the Android SDK. You will need to give all the answers is need it.

usertest@home:~/pgs4a-0.9.6$ ./android.py installsdk

I'm compiling a short test program, to see if you have a working JDK
on your system.


The JDK is present and working. Good!


I'm downloading Apache Ant. This might take a while.


I'm extracting Apache Ant.


I've finished unpacking Apache Ant.


Opening http://developer.android.com/sdk/terms.html in a web browser.


Do you accept the Android SDK Terms and Conditions?
yes/no> yes

I'm downloading the Android SDK. This might take a while.

Created new window in existing browser session.

I'm extracting the Android SDK.


I've finished unpacking the Android SDK.


I'm about to download and install the required Android packages. This
might take a while.

Refresh Sources:
  Fetching https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/repository/addons_list-2.xml
  Validate XML
  Parse XML
  Fetched Add-ons List successfully
  Refresh Sources
  Fetching URL: https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/repository/repository-7.xml
  Validate XML: https://dl-ssl.google.com/android/repository/repository-7.xml
....
    Starting ADB server succeeded.
  Done. 5 packages installed.

I'm updating the library packages.

Updated local.properties
No project name specified, using project folder name 'library'.
If you wish to change it, edit the first line of build.xml.
Added file android-sdk/extras/google/play_licensing/library/build.xml
Added file android-sdk/extras/google/play_licensing/library/proguard-project.txt
Updated local.properties
No project name specified, using project folder name 'downloader_library'.
If you wish to change it, edit the first line of build.xml.
Added file android-sdk/extras/google/play_apk_expansion/downloader_library/build.xml
Added file android-sdk/extras/google/play_apk_expansion/downloader_library/proguard-project.txt

I've finished installing the required Android packages.


I can create an application signing key for you. Signing an
application with this key allows it to be placed in the Android Market
and other app stores.

Do you want to create a key?
yes/no> yes

I will create the key in the android.keystore file.

You need to back this file up. If you lose it, you will not be able to
upgrade your application.

You also need to keep the key safe. If evil people get this file, they
could make fake versions of your application, and potentially steal
your users' data.

Will you make a backup of android.keystore, and keep it in a safe
place?
yes/no> yes

Please enter your name or the name of your organization.
> free-tutorials.org

I've finished creating android.keystore. Please back it up, and keep
it in a safe place.


It looks like you're ready to start packaging games.

After that let's see the files we have it...

usertest@home:~/pgs4a-0.9.6$ ls
android.keystore             bin                    local.properties
android.py                   blacklist.txt          private
android-sdk                  buildlib               python-install
android-sdk_r20-linux.tgz    default.properties     res
apache-ant                   doc                    src
apache-ant-1.8.4-bin.tar.gz  libpeerconnection.log  templates
assets                       libs                   whitelist.txt

My pygame script is located in ~/Dropbox/AndroidApp/pygame-android/test001.
How I make the android application? First I configure the application. You need to give all answers when use configures args...

usertest@home:~/pgs4a-0.9.6/bin$ ./android.py configure ~/Dropbox/AndroidApp/pygame-android/test001

... next, I build it.
If you use: install then will expect the emulator or device to install it. I don't use install, just release.

usertest@home:~/pgs4a-0.9.6/bin$ ./android.py build ~/Dropbox/AndroidApp/pygame-android/test001 release

After that will see in the bin folder your android pygame application.

usertest@home:~/pgs4a-0.9.6/bin$ ls
AndroidManifest.xml    classes.dex.d  test001-1.ap_.d
AndroidManifest.xml.d  jarlist.cache  test001-1-release.apk
build.prop             proguard.txt   test001-1-release-unaligned.apk
classes                res            test001-1-release-unsigned.apk
classes.dex            test001-1.ap_  test001-1-release-unsigned.apk.d

Let's see how is working...

PyGame : First interface - part 4.

This is another tutorial about pygame.
The main goal of this tutorial is to make one box with some text for your application or game.
First, I import the pygame module and I set two colors: black and green:

import pygame
import pygame.font
import pygame.event
import pygame.draw
import string
from pygame.locals import *
black=(0,0,0)
green=(0,255,0)

Tne next step is to make a function to create the display box.

def display_box(screen,mess):
        fontobject = pygame.font.Font(None,18)
        pygame.draw.rect(screen,black,((screen.get_width() / 2) - 100,
                (screen.get_height() / 2) - 10,200,20), 0)
        pygame.draw.rect(screen,green,((screen.get_width() / 2) - 101,
                (screen.get_height() / 2) - 11,200,20), 1)
        if len(mess) != 0:
                screen.blit(fontobject.render(mess, 1, (25,255,25)),
                ((screen.get_width() / 2) - 100, (screen.get_height() / 2) - 9))
        pygame.display.flip()

Let's start the pygame window and display the box.

if __name__ == '__main__':
        pygame.init()
        pygame.display.set_caption("Hello world")
        screen = pygame.display.set_mode((320,240))
        pygame.font.init()
        mess = []
        while 1:
                display_box(screen,"Hello world text")
                pygame.display.update()
                pygame.time.delay(10)
                for event in pygame.event.get():
                        if event.type in (pygame.QUIT,pygame.KEYDOWN,pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN):
                                raise SystemExit

The result of this source of code can be seen in the next image.

You can also change this source of code to make editbox or other GUI elements.

PyGame : First interface - part 3.

Today I will show you just a few tips about pygame window.
If we want to put the window in the center of the screen we can use this:

import os
os.environ['SDL_VIDEO_CENTERED'] = '1'

Most of the pygame windows are made by :

def main():
  background_colour = (25,25,255)
  screen = pygame.display.set_mode((320,240))
  screen.fill(background_colour)

This will create this window:

Now if you don't need a title window, like the next image...

... then you need to use this source code :

  screen = pygame.display.set_mode((320,240),NOFRAME)

PyGame : The pygame module come without font module.

Today I try to see some old python source code.
I got this error and seam many python users have the same error.

NotImplementedError: font module not available
(ImportError: No module named font)

It's the last release of pygame.
When I try to config the pygame I got this

pygame-1.9.1release]$ python2.7 config.py
Using UNIX configuration...


Backup existing "Setup" file [Y/n]:

Hunting dependencies...
sh: smpeg-config: command not found
WARNING: "smpeg-config" failed!
SDL     : found 1.2.13
FONT    : not found
IMAGE   : found
MIXER   : not found
SMPEG   : not found
PNG     : found
JPEG    : found
SCRAP   : found
PORTMIDI: not found
PORTTIME: not found


Warning, some of the pygame dependencies were not found. Pygame can still
compile and install, but games that depend on those missing dependencies
will not run. Would you like to continue the configuration? [Y/n]:

Not only the FONT is not here. I will try to fix this issue.

PyGame : 5 simple rules help you to programming in pygame.

Some rules when you want to use pygame:
1. Use hardware rendering :

>>> import pygame 
>>> show=pygame.display.set_mode((400,400), pygame.HWSURFACE | pygame.DOUBLEBUF)

2. Use function convert and load BMP file.

>>> im=pygame.image.load("9.bmp").convert()

... also you got the error:

>>> im2=pygame.image.load("9.png")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "", line 1, in 
pygame.error: File is not a Windows BMP file

3. Don't use reserved words in your variables, like display, time ...
4. Be advice about low performance. For example, a simple 2D game no needs to use threads. Also the bad configuration of game, wrong sprites, group classes used or using unoptimized images heavily and you will have a low performance.
5. Use the profiler to test how much time your game spend on event handling, computing, and drawing. Don't guess what is wrong?

PyGame : Test class show text "Hello World" .

I wrote in my journal:
Today I received an email in which I asked about python and how to display a text message. I hate this approach, especially on the internet there are hundreds of materials on this subject.
This made ​​me remember my blog and I write a new tutorial on pygame.
I use the old class from last pygame tutorials, see here.
The source code it's pretty simple.
The news is function show_text().
To do this I use pygame functions, see pygame documentation.
Let's see the final source code.

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

screen_mode = (640, 480)
color_black = 0, 0, 0

class Game:
 def __init__(self):
  pygame.init()
  self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(screen_mode)
  pygame.display.set_caption("Pygame text window")

  self.quit = False
  
 def update(self):
  print "update function"
  self.show_text()
  return
 
 def draw(self):
  self.screen.fill(color_black)
  self.show_text()
  pygame.display.flip()

 def show_text(self):
  font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)
  text = font.render("Hello World!", 1, (100, 100, 100))
  textpos = text.get_rect()
  textpos.centerx = self.screen.get_rect().centerx
  self.screen.blit(text, textpos)

 def mainLoop(self):

  while not self.quit:
   for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
     self.quit = True
    elif  event.type  == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
     print pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
     
     self.update()
   self.draw()
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
 game = Game()
 game.mainLoop()

The result is this:

PyGame : Test mouse class.

Today I will show how to test mouse with pygame.
This is very simple, just you try to use MOUSEBUTTONDOWN.
Also, the click mouse only registers once so you can use it with another event.
If you don't want to use an event handler, you can check for input with:

pygame.mouse.get_pos() 
pygame.mouse.get_pressed()

I created a class called Game, which contains four functions.
A function that needs to pay attention is mainLoop.
This function deals with events in the following order.
While there is no event QUIT then read events.
If there is event QUIT or MOUSEBUTTONDOWN then is running this:
Event QUIT the program is quit.
Event MOUSEBUTTONDOWN print mouse events next use update function with print "update function".
Press mouse buttons: left,right,mouse wheel ,spinning mouse wheel.

(1, 0, 0)
update function
(0, 0, 1)
update function
(0, 1, 0)
update function
(0, 0, 0)
update function

The code is shown below.

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *

screen_mode = (640, 480)
color_black = 0, 0, 0

class Game:
 def __init__(self):
  pygame.init()
  self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode(screen_mode)
  pygame.display.set_caption("Pygame first window")
  self.quit = False
  
 def update(self):
  print "update function"
  return
  
 def draw(self):
  self.screen.fill(color_black)
  pygame.display.flip()
  
 def mainLoop(self):
  while not self.quit:
   for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
     self.quit = True
    elif  event.type  == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
     print pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
     self.update()
   self.draw()
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
 game = Game()
 game.mainLoop()

PyGame : The script tool with colors.

This is a simple script to allow us to see all colors used by pygame.

import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
from pygame.color import THECOLORS
from time import sleep

def main():
    WINSIZE = 640,480
    pygame.init()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(WINSIZE,0,8)
    pygame.display.set_caption('Colors in pygame!')

    for i,j in THECOLORS.iteritems():
        print i
 screen.fill(THECOLORS[i])
 font = pygame.font.Font(None, 36)
 text = font.render(i, 1,(0,0,0),(100,100,100))
 sleep(1.1)
 textpos = text.get_rect()
 textpos.centerx = screen .get_rect().centerx
 screen.blit(text, textpos)
 pygame.display.update()

if __name__=="__main__":
    main()

The script is very simple, just try it.

PyGame : The pygame.display routines

Start pygame display:

C:\>python
Python 2.7 (r27:82525, Jul  4 2010, 09:01:59) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win
32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import pygame
>>> pygame.display.init()

pygame.display.Info() creates an object with some data about hardware:

>>> pygame.display.Info()

Here is the interpretation of the output.

hw: True if the display is hardware accelerated
wm: True if windowed display modes can be used
video_mem: The megabytes of video memory on the display. This is 0 if unknown
bitsize: Number of bits used to store each pixel
bytesize: Number of bytes used to store each pixel
masks: Four values used to pack RGBA values into pixels
shifts: Four values used to pack RGBA values into pixels
losses: Four values used to pack RGBA values into pixels
blit_hw: True if hardware Surface blitting is accelerated
blit_hw_CC: True if hardware Surface colorkey blitting is accelerated
blit_hw_A: True if hardware Surface pixel alpha blitting is accelerated
blit_sw: True if software Surface blitting is accelerated
blit_sw_CC: True if software Surface colorkey blitting is accelerated
blit_sw_A: True if software Surface pixel alpha blitting is acclerated
current_h, current_h: Width and height of the current video mode, or of the
desktop mode if called before the display.set_mode is called.

This will return the name of the currently running video driver.

>>> pygame.display.get_driver()
'directx'

Without arguments, list_modes returns a list of possible dimensions

>>> pygame.display.list_modes()
[(1024, 600), (800, 600), (640, 480), (640, 400), (600, 1024), (600, 800), (512,
 384), (480, 640), (400, 640), (400, 300), (384, 512), (320, 240), (320, 200)]

How to query a specific display mode.

>>> full=pygame.FULLSCREEN | pygame.HWSURFACE | pygame.DOUBLEBUF
>>> pygame.display.mode_ok( [ 800,600 ], full, 32)
32

You can create such a script to help you.

>>> for i in pygame.display.list_modes():
...     a=pygame.display.mode_ok(i,full,16)
...     print "FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for "+str(i)+" x "+str(a)
...
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (1024, 600) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (800, 600) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (640, 480) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (640, 400) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (600, 1024) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (600, 800) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (512, 384) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (480, 640) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (400, 640) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (400, 300) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (384, 512) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (320, 240) x 16
FULLSCREEN | HWSURFACE | DOUBLEBUF for (320, 200) x 16

See more here.